Ocorrência de enteroparasitas antes e durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em Nina Rodrigues, Maranhão - Brasil / Occurrence of enteroparasites before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nina Rodrigues, Maranhão, Brazil

Parasitoses intestinais são infecções no trato gastrointestinal, por protozoários e/ou helmintos e representam um agravo à saúde pública, mas apesar dessa problemática, foram notificadas menos do que seria esperado devido a pandemia da COVID-19. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a ocorrência de enteroparasitas antes e durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em pacientes atendidos no laboratório do hospital de Nina Rodrigues, Maranhão. Foi realizado um estudo tranversal, descritivo e quantitativo, sendo analisados os exames dos anos de 2019 e 2020, coletados do banco de informações do hospital em agosto de 2021. Os dados foram inseridos no programa STATA 14.0 para análise. Em 2019 foram realizados 632 exames, e 2020 um total de 161, as mulheres e os adultos de meia idade (31-59 anos) foram os que mais realizaram exames, em relação aos laudos positivos, 18,51% e 26,09% apresentavam pelo menos um tipo de parasita em 2019 e 2020, respectivamente. O parasita mais ocorrente foi Entamoeba coli e 66,48% dos laudos tinham a presença de mais de um parasita, sendo a associação mais observada E. coli + Entamoeba histolytica. Nota-se que apesar do período pandêmico de 2020 ter sido realizado menos exames parasitológicos de fezes em comparação o período de 2019, é possível constatar que há uma ocorrência razoável de enteroparasitas na população de Nina Rodrigues, com um alto índice de indivíduos com biparasitismo. Assim, torna-se necessário a implementação de medidas que visem o diagnóstico e o tratamento dos infectados, e medidas de prevenção para minimizar a transmissão.

Intestinal parasites are infections in the gastrointestinal tract, by protozoa and/or helminths and represent a public health problem, but despite this problem, less were reported than would be expected due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of enteroparasites before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients treated at the laboratory of the Nina Rodrigues hospital, Maranhão. A cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study was carried out, analyzing the exams from the years 2019 and 2020, collected from the hospital's information bank in August 2021. The data were entered into the STATA 14.0 program for analysis. In 2019, 632 exams were performed, and in 2020 a total of 161, women and middle-aged adults (31-59 years old) were the ones who most underwent exams, in relation to positive reports, 18.51% and 26.09% had at least one type of parasite in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The most frequent parasite was Entamoeba coli and 66.48% of the reports had the presence of more than one parasite, the most observed association being E. coli + Entamoeba histolytica. It is noted that despite the 2020 pandemic period, fewer fecal parasitological tests were performed compared to the 2019 period, it is possible to verify that there is a reasonable occurrence of enteroparasites in the population of Nina Rodrigues, with a high rate of individuals with biparasitism. Thus, it is necessary to implement measures aimed at diagnosing and treating those infected, and preventive measures to minimize transmission.

Unplanned Pregnancy and Depressive Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This is a cross-sectional study conducted with pregnant women who underwent prenatal care at basic health units in São Luís City, Maranhão State, Brazil. The authors used a semistructured questionnaire to assess the socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical characteristics of pregnant women as well as the Edinburgh Scale to investigate depressive symptoms. In order to assess the association between the explanatory variable and the outcome variable, Poisson logistic regression was performed with statistical significance at p < 0.05. A total of 205 women were interviewed, most aged between 18 and 29 years (66.83%). Of this total, 74.63% had not planned their pregnancy and 26.67% had depressive symptoms. The variables unplanned pregnancy (PR = 1.41; CI = 0.99−2.00; p = 0.05) and not undergoing psychological counseling (PR = 1.42; CI = 0.51−0.83; p ≤ 0.01) correlated with depressive symptoms during pregnancy. It is thus possible to link the variables unplanned pregnancy (p > 0.05) and not undergoing psychological counseling (p = 0.001) to depression. Therefore, it is important to monitor the mental health of pregnant women, especially in situations of vulnerability.

Prevalence and factors associated to dysphonia and laryngeal lesions: a study among teachers in a region of the Brazilian Legal Amazon / Prevalência e fatores associados à disfonia e lesões laríngeas: um estudo entre professores de uma região da Amazônia Legal Brasileira

Objective: to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with dysphonia and laryngeal lesions at elementary public school teachers in a region of the Amazonian region. Methodology: cross-sectional study with collection of sociodemographic, occupational, environmental, and clinics variables. Dysphonia and laryngeal lesions were evaluated using three methods: self-perceptions, diagnostic criteria and video-assisted laryngoscopy. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated. Results: the prevalence of self-reported dysphonia was 68.9%, diagnosed dysphonia was 59.1% and laryngeal lesions, 53.3%. There was association between selfreported dysphonia and respiratory problems (OR=3.00; CI95%=1.25-7.22), use of drugs (OR= 2.31, CI95%= 1.19-4.49) and noise in the internal environment (OR= 2.43; CI95%=1.24-4.73). Easy access to water was a protection factor against self-reported dysphonia (OR=0.09; CI95%: 0.01-0.79). We found a significant association between dysphonia diagnosed and digestive problems (OR= 5.35; CI95%=2.39-11.96), external noise (OR=4.89, CI95%=1.87-12.78) and inadequate ventilation (OR=3.56; CI95%=1.46-8.62). The variables associated with higher chance of laryngeal lesions in dysphonic teachers were lighting (OR=3.74; CI95%=1.15-12.14%), acoustics (OR= 4.14; CI95%=1.32-12.95) and inadequate room size (OR= 3.76; CI95%=1.29-10.91). The use of drugs (OR=0.34; CI95%=0.12-0.92), respiratory problems (OR=0.21; CI95%=0.06-0.76) and easy access to water (OR= 0.12; CI95%=0.04-0.38) were protection factors for laryngeal lesions. Conclusion: occupational environmental factors aggravated the vocal health of this professional category. Access to water in the work impacted positively.

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência e fatores associados à disfonia e lesões laríngeas em professores do ensino fundamental de um município da Amazônia Legal. Metodologia: estudo transversal com coleta de variáveis sociodemográficas, ocupacionais, ambientais e clínicas. Disfonia e lesões laríngeas foram avaliadas com a utilização de três métodos: autopercepção, critérios diagnósticos e laringoscopia assistida por vídeo. Utilizou-se modelo de regressão logística para determinação dos fatores associados. Resultados: a prevalência da disfonia autorreferida foi 68,9%, da disfonia diagnosticada foi 59,1% e das lesões laríngeas, 53,3%. Houve associação entre disfonia autorreferida e problemas respiratórios (OR=3,00; IC95%=1,25-7,22), uso de medicamentos (OR=2,31; IC95%=1,19- 4,49) e ruído interno no ambiente (OR=2,43; IC95%=1,24-4,73). Teve associação protetora entre disfonia autorreferida e facilidade do acesso à água (OR=0,09; IC95%=0,01-0,79). Encontrou-se associação significativa entre disfonia diagnosticada e problemas digestivos (OR=5,35; IC95%=2,39-11,96), ruído externo (OR=4,89; IC95%=1,87-12,78) e ventilação inadequada (OR=3,56; IC95%=1,46-8,62). As variáveis associadas à maior chance de lesões laríngeas em docentes disfônicos foram iluminação (OR=3,74; IC95%=1,15-12,14), acústica (OR=4,14; IC95%=1,32-12,95) e tamanho da sala inadequados (OR=3,76; IC95%=1,29-10,91). Uso de medicação (OR=0,34; IC95%=0,12-0,92), problemas respiratórios (OR=0,21; IC95%=0,06-0,76) e facilidade de acesso à água (OR=0,12; IC95%=0,04-0,38) mostraram-se fatores de proteção para lesões laríngeas. Conclusão: fatores ambientais ocupacionais agravaram a saúde vocal desta categoria profissional. O acesso à água no ambiente de trabalho impactou positivamente.

Congenital syphilis in Brazil: distribution of cases notified from 2009 to 2016.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital syphilis is considered a severe public health problem because it accounts for approximately 40% of the perinatal mortality rates, 25% of stillbirths, and 14% of neonatal deaths, in addition to causing severe consequences for the fetus. This study aimed to describe the rates of congenital syphilis in children under one year of age in Brazilian capitals from 2009 to 2016. METHODS: Ecological time series study, using rates of congenital syphilis in children under one year of age and living in Brazilian capitals. The Prais-Winsten regression model was used to assess the trend. RESULTS: A total of 44,056 cases of congenital syphilis in children under one year of age were reported in Brazilian capitals between 2009 and 2016. The highest rate of congenital syphilis in children under one year of age occurred in 2016 in Porto Alegre (31.07/1,000 live births). The Northeastern capitals showed high rates, particularly the capital Recife (23.67/1,000 live births). CONCLUSIONS: Congenital syphilis represents a major challenge for public policies. The need for improvements in the quality of prenatal care is highlighted, as it is essential to reduce the alarming rates.

Conservação de vacinas na Atenção Primária à Saúde: realidade em capital do nordeste brasileiro / Conservation of vaccines in Primary Health Care: conditions in a capital city in northeastern Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho éavaliar a qualidade da conservação das vacinas em Unidades da Atenção Primária à Saúde em uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e avaliativo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Aplicou-se parte do instrumento PAISSV 2.0 do Programa Nacional de Imunização, com profissionais da enfermagem entre agosto de 2016 e janeiro de 2017. Utilizou-se análise estatística descritiva. Avaliou-se 48 (92,3%) salas de vacinas. Na dimensão estrutura, destaca-se a ausência de câmaras refrigeradas e de instrumentos de monitoramento e controle da temperatura em 100% das salas avaliadas. Quanto ao processo de conservação, evidenciou-se que nenhuma das salas realizava a distribuição das vacinas nas prateleiras, conforme recomendações técnicas. 43 (89,6%) salas foram classificadas como não adequadas e nenhuma considerada adequada. A prática da conservação de vacinas ainda é incipiente, com inadequação da estrutura e processo de trabalho. Estas lacunas podem comprometer a erradicação e o controle das doenças imunopreveníveis.

The preservation of vaccines in Primary Health Care units in São Luís, a capital city in northeastern Brazil, is evaluated. Current descriptive, evaluative, cross-sectional quantitative approach was applied to a section of PAISSV 2.0 of the National Immunization Program with nursing professionals, between August 2016 and January 2017. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed. Forty-eight (92.3%) vaccine rooms were assessed. The complete absence of refrigerated chambers and the lack of monitoring and control instruments for temperature may be highlighted. In the case of the conservation process, not a single vaccine room distributed vaccines on shelves as recommended. Further, 43 vaccine rooms (89.6%) were classified as unsuitable and all were inappropriate. The vaccine conservation practice is still incipient, with inadequate structure and working process. These flaws may compromise the eradication and control of immunopreventive diseases.

Congenital syphilis in Brazil: distribution of cases notified from 2009 to 2016

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Congenital syphilis is considered a severe public health problem because it accounts for approximately 40% of the perinatal mortality rates, 25% of stillbirths, and 14% of neonatal deaths, in addition to causing severe consequences for the fetus. This study aimed to describe the rates of congenital syphilis in children under one year of age in Brazilian capitals from 2009 to 2016. METHODS: Ecological time series study, using rates of congenital syphilis in children under one year of age and living in Brazilian capitals. The Prais-Winsten regression model was used to assess the trend. RESULTS: A total of 44,056 cases of congenital syphilis in children under one year of age were reported in Brazilian capitals between 2009 and 2016. The highest rate of congenital syphilis in children under one year of age occurred in 2016 in Porto Alegre (31.07/1,000 live births). The Northeastern capitals showed high rates, particularly the capital Recife (23.67/1,000 live births). CONCLUSIONS: Congenital syphilis represents a major challenge for public policies. The need for improvements in the quality of prenatal care is highlighted, as it is essential to reduce the alarming rates.

Evaluation of functional disability after Chikungunya infection.

INTRODUCTION: Chikungunya (CHIK) is caused by the Chikungunya virus, which is an Alphavirus of the Family Togaviridae transmitted to humans through female mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving the administration of a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic and health variables and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire on general pain to patients with CHIK in the City of Imperatriz, Brazil, between January and December 2017. RESULTS: Data of a total of 130 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 52 years (standard deviation=13.3); majority of the patients were female (n=120) with a prevalence of 38.0% for functional disability. Statistical differences were noted for marital status (p=0.037), presence/absence of comorbidities (p=0.050), and the use of medications prior to the diagnosis of CHIK (p=0.050), use of methotrexate (p=0.030), use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (p≤0.035), and use of nonhormonal anti-inflammatory drugs (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients in the chronic phase of CHIK present functional disability, thus alerting healthcare professionals to the importance of implementing actions aimed at an adequate treatment in all phases of the disease, mainly related to pain treatment and motor rehabilitation.

Anxiety and depression in pregnancy: a comparative study between early and late adolescents

Objective: To study anxiety and depression in pregnant adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate the level of anxiety and depression among patients. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which aims to measure the presence and severity of depression was also applied. 87 pregnant adolescents attended at a prenatal outpatient clinic of a public hospital participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: precocious adolescents (12 to 14 years of age) and late adolescents (15 to 19 years of age). The difference between the means was analyzed using the Student's t test. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: In relation to depression, the mean BDI score among the 23 precocious adolescents was 24.5, whereas among the 64 late adolescents, the same score presented a mean of 15.7 (p<0.001). According to the HADS, the precocious pregnant adolescents obtained an average of 8.9 (possible depression), whereas the late pregnant adolescents presented an average of 6.9 (unlikely depression) (p=0.008). Conclusions: Depression was more intense among precocious adolescents than among late adolescents. There was no significant difference in the intensity of anxiety, assessed by the HADS, between precocious and late adolescents.(AU)

Objetivos: estudar depressão e ansiedade em adolescentes grávidas. Métodos: estudo transversal, em que se aplicou a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) que avalia o nível de ansiedade e depressão entre as pacientes. Utilizou-se, também, a Escala de Depressão de Beck (BDI), que mede a presença e a gravidade da depressão. Oitenta e sete adolescentes grávidas atendidas em um ambulatório de pré-natal de um hospital público participaram do estudo. Foram divididas em dois grupos: adolescentes precoces (12-14 anos) e adolescentes tardias (15-19 anos). A diferença entre as médias foi analisada por meio do teste t de student. Um valor de p<0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significante. Resultados: em relação à depressão, a média do escore de Beck entre as 23 adolescentes precoces foi de 24,5, enquanto entre as 64 adolescentes tardias, o mesmo score apresentou uma média de 15,7 (p<0,001). Segundo a escala HADS, as gestantes adolescentes precoces obtiveram uma média de 8,9 (depressão possível) enquanto as gestantes adolescentes tardias apresentaram uma média de 6,9 (depressão improvável) (p=0,008). Conclusões: a depressão mostrou-se mais intensa entre as adolescentes precoces do que entre as adolescentes tardias. Não houve diferença significativa na intensidade da ansiedade, avaliada pela escala HADS, entre as adolescentes precoces e tardias.(AU)

Evaluation of functional disability after Chikungunya infection

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chikungunya (CHIK) is caused by the Chikungunya virus, which is an Alphavirus of the Family Togaviridae transmitted to humans through female mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving the administration of a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic and health variables and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire on general pain to patients with CHIK in the City of Imperatriz, Brazil, between January and December 2017. RESULTS Data of a total of 130 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 52 years (standard deviation=13.3); majority of the patients were female (n=120) with a prevalence of 38.0% for functional disability. Statistical differences were noted for marital status (p=0.037), presence/absence of comorbidities (p=0.050), and the use of medications prior to the diagnosis of CHIK (p=0.050), use of methotrexate (p=0.030), use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (p≤0.035), and use of nonhormonal anti-inflammatory drugs (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients in the chronic phase of CHIK present functional disability, thus alerting healthcare professionals to the importance of implementing actions aimed at an adequate treatment in all phases of the disease, mainly related to pain treatment and motor rehabilitation.

Biossegurança em centros de embelezamento: estrutura e processamento de materiais / Biosecurity in beauty centers: material structure and processing

Objetivo: conhecer a estrutura física, processo de esterilização e descarte de materiais em centros de embelezamento. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, do tipo survey, em 257 salões de beleza e 12 estúdios de tatuagem e colocação de body piercing. Observaram-se a estrutura física, processo de esterilização e descarte de materiais utilizados por manicures/pedicures e tatuadores e piercers. Resultados: nota-se que 33,7% dos serviços possuíam pia próxima ao local dos atendimentos, evidenciou-se que 34,8% e 43,3% não dispunham de sabão líquido e álcool para higienização das mãos; 80% não possuíam um local dotado de pia para a limpeza de artigos; a autoclave foi o equipamento menos usado na esterilização dos instrumentos. 91,9% dos centros não realizavam a validação da esterilização pelo uso do indicador biológico. Observou-se a não utilização de invólucros ou caixas sinalizados com data de esterilização e prazo de validade em 86,3% dos serviços, e, em 56,7% destes, não existe descarte adequado dos materiais. Conclusão: percebe-se que há necessidade de intervenção quanto ao espaço físico, com área dotada de pia para ações diversificadas, ao processamento de esterilização e descarte dos materiais.(AU)

Objective: to know the physical structure, process of sterilization and disposal of materials in beautification centers. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, survey-type study 257 beauty salons and 12 tattoo studios and body piercing. The physical structure, process of sterilization and disposal of materials used by manicures / pedicures and tattoo artists and piercers were observed. Results: it was observed that 33.7% of the services had a sink close to the place of care, it was evidenced that 34.8% and 43.3% did not have liquid soap and alcohol for hand hygiene; 80% did not have a sink location for cleaning articles; the autoclave was the least used equipment for instrument sterilization. 91.9% of the centers did not validate sterilization by using the biological indicator. It was observed that 86.3% of the services were not used, with 56.7% of them not being properly disposed of. Conclusion: it is noticed that there is a need for intervention regarding the physical space, with a sink area for diversified actions, sterilization processing and disposal of materials.(AU)

Objetivo: conocer la estructura física, el proceso de esterilización y descarte de materiales en centros de embellecimiento. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, del tipo survey, en 257 salones de belleza y 12 estudios de tatuaje y colocación de body piercing. Se observaron la estructura física, proceso de esterilización y descarte de materiales utilizados por manicuras/pedicuras y por los artistas de tatuajes y piercers. Resultados: se observa que el 33,7% de los servicios poseía fregadero cerca del local de las atenciones, se evidenció que el 34,8% y el 43,3% no disponían de jabón líquido y alcohol para higienización de las manos; el 80% no poseía un local dotado de fregadero para la limpieza de artículos; el autoclave fue el equipo menos utilizado en la esterilización de los instrumentos. El 91,9% de los centros no realizaban la validación de la esterilización por el uso del indicador biológico. Se observó la no utilización de envoltorios o cajas señalizadas con fecha de esterilización y plazo de validez en el 86,3% de los servicios, y en el 56,7% de éstos, no existe descarte adecuado de los materiales. Conclusión: se percibe que hay necesidad de intervención en cuanto al espacio físico, con área dotada de fregadero para acciones diversificadas, al procesamiento de esterilización y descarte de los materiales.(AU)

Depression after CABG: a prospective study / Depressão após revascularização do miocárdio: um estudo prospectivo

INTRODUCTION: Depression during or shortly after hospitalization elevated two to three times the risk of mortality or nonfatal cardiac events, significantly increasing the morbidity and mortality of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of revascularization on symptoms of depression in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 57 patients of both sexes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between June 2010 and June 2011. We used the SF-36 to assess quality of life, and the Beck Depression Inventory to detect depressive symptoms, applied preoperatively and six months. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients aged 60-69 years was 22 patients (38.60%), 39 men (68.42%), 26 described themselves as mixed race (45.61%), 16 literate (28.07 %) and 30 married (52.63%). The beck depression inventory score demonstrated increased after revascularization: 15 patients mild (26.32%) at time zero to 17 (29.82%) after. And with moderate, seven patients (12.28%) before and 10 (17.54%) after. In the categories of individuals with decreased minimum degree of 32 (56.14%) to 28 (49.12%), and severe of three (5.26%) for two (3.51%) patients. Association was observed between beck depression inventory, gender, age, lifestyle, comorbidities and quality of life. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of elevated beck depression inventory scores, lowest scores of depressive symptoms among men and association between the improvement of quality of life scores and beck depression inventory.

INTRODUÇÃO: A depressão durante ou logo após a hospitalização, eleva duas a três vezes o risco de mortalidade ou eventos cardíacos não-fatais, aumentando sensivelmente a morbimortalidade desses pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da revascularização do miocárdio nos sintomas de depressão de pacientes portadores de doença arterial coronariana. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte prospectivo de 57 pacientes de ambos os sexos, submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, entre junho de 2010 e junho de 2011. Foram utilizados os questionários SF-36 para avaliar a qualidade de vida, e o Inventário de Depressão Beck para detectar sintomas depressivos, aplicados no pré-operatório e após seis meses. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de pacientes na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos foi de 22 (38,60%) pacientes, 39 (68,42%) homens, 26(45,61%) autodeclarados pardos, 16 (28,07%) alfabetizados e 30 (52,63%) casados. O escore Inventário de Depressão Beck demonstrou aumento após a revascularização de 15 (26,32%) pacientes em grau leve no momento zero para 17 (29,82%) após. E com grau moderado, sete (12,28%) pacientes antes e 10 (17,54%) após. Nas categorias de indivíduos com grau mínimo houve redução de 32 (56,14%) para 28 (49,12%) e grave de três (5,26%) para dois (3,51%) pacientes. Observou-se associação entre Inventário de Depressão Beck, sexo, idade, estilo de vida, comorbidades e a qualidade vida. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se elevada prevalência de escores elevados de inventário de depressão Beck, piores escores de sintomas depressivos entre homens e associação entre a melhoria dos escores de qualidade de vida e o Inventário de Depressão Beck.

Impacto na qualidade de vida pós-angioplastia coronariana ou revascularização do miocárdio / Impact on quality of life after angioplasty coronary artery bypass graft

Fundamentos: Qualidade de vida (QV) se associa a doenças cardiovasculares, tornando-se indispensável sua avaliação na prática clínica.Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (RVM) e da angioplastia coronariana percutânea (ACTP) na QV de pacientes com doença arterial coronariana. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, prospectivo e analítico, envolvendo 114 pacientes (ambos os sexos) submetidos a um dos dois procedimentos (grupo RVM e grupo ACTP), entre junho 2010 e junho 2011. Utilizou-se o questionário SF-36 como instrumento de avaliação, tendo sido aplicado durante o pré-operatório e aos três e seis meses de seguimento. Resultados: Na avaliação inicial da QV da população amostral, os escores médios dos domínios variaram de 24,79 a 74,65, observando-se maior comprometimento dos domínios físico, capacidade funcional e emocional, em ambos os grupos. Observou-se melhora nos domínios ao final de três meses, exceto nos domínios social e emocional no grupo da RVM. No sexto mês, não se observou melhora nos domínios físico e emocional no grupo RVM, e no social para ambos os grupos. Os pacientes com RVM apresentaram melhores escores no domínio mental, enquanto os submetidos à ACTP, no domínio físico. Em relação à percepção da saúde atual quando comparada há um ano, os submetidos à ACTP apresentaram melhora significativa quando comparados ao grupo RVM. Conclusão: Houve melhora na QV ao sexto mês tanto para os pacientes submetidos à RVM quanto à ACTP, sem superioridade para nenhum dos métodos.

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is related to cardiovascular diseases, making this essential for its evaluation in clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate the impact of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on the QoL for patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: A prospective cohort and analytical study of 114 patients (male/female) undergoing both procedures (CABG group and PTCA group) between June 2010 and June 2011. The SF-36 questionnaire was used as an evaluation tool, completed during the pre-operative stage and at three and six months follow-up. Results: The baseline QoL mean scores for the sample population ranged from 24.79 to 74.65, with greater involvement of the physical, emotional and functional capacity fields in both groups. Improvements were observed after three months, except for the social and emotional fields in the CABG group. In the sixth month, no improvement was noted in the physical and emotional fields for the CABG group, and the social field for both groups. The CABG patients posted higher scores in the mental field, while those undergoing PTCA scored higher in the physical field. In terms of perceptions of their current health compared to a year previously, the PTCA patients showed significant improvements compared to the CABG group. Conclusion: Improvement in the QoL at six months for PTCA and CABG patients, with neither method proving superior.

Depression after CABG: a prospective study.

INTRODUCTION: Depression during or shortly after hospitalization elevated two to three times the risk of mortality or nonfatal cardiac events, significantly increasing the morbidity and mortality of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of revascularization on symptoms of depression in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 57 patients of both sexes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between June 2010 and June 2011. We used the SF-36 to assess quality of life, and the Beck Depression Inventory to detect depressive symptoms, applied preoperatively and six months. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients aged 60-69 years was 22 patients (38.60%), 39 men (68.42%), 26 described themselves as mixed race (45.61%), 16 literate (28.07 %) and 30 married (52.63%). The beck depression inventory score demonstrated increased after revascularization: 15 patients mild (26.32%) at time zero to 17 (29.82%) after. And with moderate, seven patients (12.28%) before and 10 (17.54%) after. In the categories of individuals with decreased minimum degree of 32 (56.14%) to 28 (49.12%), and severe of three (5.26%) for two (3.51%) patients. Association was observed between beck depression inventory, gender, age, lifestyle, comorbidities and quality of life. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of elevated beck depression inventory scores, lowest scores of depressive symptoms among men and association between the improvement of quality of life scores and beck depression inventory.

Impacto da mastoplastia redutora na qualidade de vida física e emocional / The impact of reduction mammaplasty in the physical and emotional quality of life

Com o intuito de avaliar a qualidade de vida das mulheres com hipertrofia mamáriasubmetidas à mastoplastia redutora, realiza-se um estudo longitudinal, prospectivo eanalítico com 30 mulheres diagnosticadas e atendidas em ambulatório de referência.Para análise, é aplicado o instrumento de avaliação genérica de saúde SF-36, antes dacirurgia e com 3 e 6 meses após a mesma. Utiliza-se a estatística descritiva para análiseexploratória dos dados e no cruzamento de algumas variáveis categóricas, empregado oteste não-paramétrico de qui-quadrado de independência, adotando como nível designificância para p< 0,05. Observa-se diferença em todas as variáveis analisadas e emtodos os períodos propostos (pré-operatório, 3 e 6 meses depois). Considerando os dados,a correção cirúrgica da hipertrofia da mama resulta em melhora estatisticamente significanteda qualidade de vida das mulheres, devendo assim ser considerada uma modalidade detratamento visando à obtenção da saúde e não a estética somente(AU)

To assess the quality of life of women with Breast Hypertrophy undergoingreduction mammaplasty, a longitudinal prospective study was carried out with analyticaland non-probability sample of 30 women with clinical diagnosis. For analysis, the healthassessment instrument generic SF-36 was applied before surgery and with 3 and 6 monthsafter the same. We used descriptive statistics for exploratory data analysis and at thecrossing of some categorical variables the nonparametric chi-square test of independencewas used, adopting the significance level of p <0.05. The results showed a significantdifference in all variables examined, both in the initial condition of pre-operative as in 3and 6 months postoperatively. Considering the data, the surgical correction of breashypertrophy results in a statistically significant improvement in the quality of life of womenand should therefore be considered as a treatment modality with a view to obtaining healthand not only on aesthetics(AU)

Variáveis disfuncionais: prejuízos causados pela hospitalização de crianças com câncer / Variables Dysfunction: damages caused by children’s hospitalization with cancer

Avaliar os prejuízos psicológicos de um trabalho realizado em criançashospitalizadas com câncer. Trata-se de estudo transversal com desenho analíticoexperimental. São realizadas avaliações psicológicas dessas crianças, utilizando-se doHTP (House, Tree, Person) cromático, padronizado por Buck. Os dados quantitativos sãoanalisados através do programa estatístico SPSS for Windows 16.0 (2007). A análiseestatística descritiva é feita pelo Teste dos Sinais. O nível de significância é de p<0,05. Osresultados da análise quantitativa acerca dos prejuízos nas defesas psíquicas são o p=0.016e na presença de distúrbios psicossomáticos o p=1 causados pela hospitalização, traduzque são significativas alterações com prejuízos na estrutura da personalidade dessascrianças(AU)

This study is to evaluate the psychological damage of a study conducted onhospitalized children with cancer. It is a cross-sectional study analytical experimentaldesign. Psychological evaluations with children, using the HTP chromatic standardized(House, Tree, Person) by Buck, are performed. Quantitative data are analyzed using SPSSsoftware for Windows 16.0 (2007). Descriptive statistical analysis is performed by theSignals Test. The significance level is p <0.05. The results of statistical analysis on thedamage in psychological defenses are p = 0.016 and in the presence of psychosomaticdisorders p = 1 caused by hospitalization reflect that there are significant changes withdamage in the psychic structure of these children(AU)

Cuidado paliativo: benefícios da ludoterapia em criançashospitalizadas com câncer / Palliative care: benefits of playtherapy in children hospitalized withcancer

Analisar benefícios psicológicos de um trabalho ludoterápico como cuidadopaliativo em crianças hospitalizadas com câncer. Trata-se de ensaio clínico com desenhoanalítico experimental pareado. São realizadas duas avaliações psicológicas com ascrianças, utilizando-se do HTP (House, Tree, Person) cromático, padronizado por Buck; aprimeira, antes de iniciar o processo de intervenção ludoterápica e outra no final dela,comparando-se os resultados obtidos nas duas avaliações. Os dados quantitativos foramanalisados através do programa estatístico SPSS for Windows 16.0 (2007). A análiseestatística descritiva foi feita pelo Teste dos Sinais, no nível de significância foi p<0,05. Osresultados acerca das variáveis comportamentais, sociais, defesas psíquicas e distúrbiospsicossomáticos avaliados correspondem a: p = 0.508; p = 0.754; p = 0.016; p = 1,respectivamente. Apresentados na análise estatística das variáveis, os resultados traduzemque a ludoterapia como cuidado paliativo em crianças hospitalizadas com câncer apresentabenefícios significativos nas variáveis sobre defesas psíquicas(AU)

Analyzing the psychological benefits of a work done by playtherapy techniqueas palliative care in children hospitalized with cancer. This essay comprehends a clinicaltrial with experimental analytical conjugated design. Two kinds of psychological researchesassessments with children were performed; first before starting the process of interventionthrough playtherapy and another at the end of the process, comparing the results of bothevaluations. The quantitative data were analyzed by the statistical program, SPSS forWindows 16.0 (2007). The descriptive statistics analysis was made by the Signal Test.The level of significance was p < 0,05. The results about evaluated behavioral, social,psychic defense and psychosomatic disturbances evaluated have corresponded respectivelyto: p = 0.508; p = 0.754; p = 0.016; p = 1. Presented in the statistical analysis of variables,the results show that the playtherapy as a palliative care in hospitalized children withcancer presented significant benefits in variable psychological defenses(AU)